Regardless of the patient’s position, Brainlab Cranial Navigation offers multiple techniques for referencing them to the system. Z-touch® and Softouch® are based on surface matching, making patient registration easy by simply touching the patient’s skin with either a pointer or a laser. As both devices register existing diagnostic CT and MR images without headsets or markers, additional registration scans can be avoided, helping to reduce neuronavigation costs and radiation exposure to the patient and O.R. team.